Avaliação fitossociológica e definição de estágios sucessionais de remanescentes de vegetação nativa delimitados por imagens de satélite na região do Vale do Taquari – RS – Brasil
Carregando...
Data
2014-08
Autores
Orientador
Jasper, André
Banca
Strohschoen, Andreia Aparecida Guimarães
Périco, Eduardo
Prade, Cristian André
Título do periódico
ISSN
Título do Volume
Editor
Resumo
O avanço das tecnologias em relação à captação de imagens de satélite tem ajudado no processo de avaliação e acompanhamento de estágios sucessionais florestais. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é realizar uma avaliação fitossociológica definindo os estágios sucessionais de remanescentes de vegetação nativa e comparar com classificação não supervisionada de imagem de satélite, na área de estudo. Em relação à metodologia, para o levantamento fitossociológico, foram separadas 09 unidades amostrais (parcelas) de 10 m X 10 m, totalizando 900 m² de área amostrada. Dentro de cada uma das 9 unidades amostrais foram listadas as espécies existentes e obtidos os dados quali-quantitativos e dendrométricos de todos os exemplares arbóreos, nativos e exóticos, com DAP (Diâmetro a Altura do Peito) igual ou superior a 8 cm. O trabalho de campo foi realizado em outubro de 2011, no Morro Gaúcho, município de Arroio do Meio – RS. Primeiramente as espécies foram identificadas a partir de observações de campo e consulta bibliográfica, sendo que o DAP foi obtido com o uso de trena e paquímetro, e a altura de cada um dos espécimes estimados a partir de observação visual. Para classificação da imagem, foi utilizada uma imagem do satélite ortorretificada do satélite RapidEye, com 5 bandas espectrais (440 μm - 850 μm), datada de 01 de novembro de 2009 e com resolução espacial de 5 metros. A classificação da imagem do satélite mostra uma área predominantemente como Floresta Estacional Decidual, sendo que as espécies identificadas na pesquisa realizada em campo verificou-se que no estágio de regeneração natural encontra-se a Myrsine umbellata. Analisando as espécies arbóreas em relação ao estágio médio de regeneração natural, percebe-se que a Miconia hyemalis, Ocotea catharinensise o Syagrus romanzzofiana estão nesse estágio. Em relação às espécies arbóreas encontradas no estágio avançado de regeneração natural, verificou-se que a Nectandra oppositifolia e a Erythrina falcata encontram-se inseridas. Em toda a área de estudo observou-se a presença de floresta secundária, que é aquela que resulta de um processo de regeneração natural em áreas de floresta primária que foram totalmente desmatadas. Conclui-se que a análise da imagem por satélite ajuda no gerenciamento das informações sobre os diversos aspectos da mesma área geográfica, facilita a habilidade de visualizar a interação das diferentes combinações dos elementos dentro de um mesmo espaço simultaneamente, porém verificou-se a necessidade de vistoria em campo considerando que houve diferença entre uma das amostras em campo e a classificação gerada por geoprocessamento.
The advancement of technology in relation to the uptake of satellite imagery has helped monitoring the process of forest successional stages. The objective of this study was to perform a phytosociological analysis to identify the successional stages of remnant native vegetation and to compare the studied area with unsupervised digital classification of satellite imagery. Considering the methodology, the phytosociological survey was conducted by dividing the studied sample area into 09 sampling units (plots) of 10 m X 10 m, totaling 900 m² of area tasted. Within each of the nine sampling units, it was listed the existing species and the obtained qualitative, quantitative, and dendrometric data of all arboreal, native and exotic specimens. The Diameter and Height of Breast (DHB) was listed as equal to or greater than 08 cm. The fieldwork was conducted in October 2011, in Morro Gaúcho, city of Arroio do Meio - RS. First, the species were identified from field observations. Second, the DHB was obtained by using a tape measure and caliper; of which, the height of each of the specimens were estimated from a visual observation. For image classification, an image of orthorectified RapidEye satellite TV, with five spectral bands (440 mM - 850 mM) was used, dated November 1, 2009 and with spatial resolution of 5 meters. The classification of satellite image shows a predominant area of the Floresta Estacional Decidual. Analyzing the arboreal species on the image combined with the research conducted in the field it was found that the sample 1, Myrsine umbellata is at the stage of natural regeneration. Analyzing the arboreal species in relation to the middle stage of natural regeneration, it is noticed that the Miconia hyemalis, Ocotea catharinensise the Syagrus romanzzofiana are at this stage. Analyzing the arboreal species in relation to the advanced stage of natural regeneration, it was found that canela-ferrugem e a corticeira-da-serra “cinnamon-rust and the cork-the-hills” is at this stage. The presence of secondary forest was observed in the region. This is the result from the process of natural regeneration in which areas of primary forest were completely deforested. The green portion of the image refers to industrial forests, meaning that, they are or going to be used for industrial purposes. In conclusion the analysis of satellite imagery helps managing information on different aspects of the same geographical area and facilitates the ability to visualize the interaction of different combinations of elements within the same space simultaneously. However, it was noticed the need for further inspection in the field, considering that there was a difference between one of the samples in the field and the classification created by geoprocessing.
The advancement of technology in relation to the uptake of satellite imagery has helped monitoring the process of forest successional stages. The objective of this study was to perform a phytosociological analysis to identify the successional stages of remnant native vegetation and to compare the studied area with unsupervised digital classification of satellite imagery. Considering the methodology, the phytosociological survey was conducted by dividing the studied sample area into 09 sampling units (plots) of 10 m X 10 m, totaling 900 m² of area tasted. Within each of the nine sampling units, it was listed the existing species and the obtained qualitative, quantitative, and dendrometric data of all arboreal, native and exotic specimens. The Diameter and Height of Breast (DHB) was listed as equal to or greater than 08 cm. The fieldwork was conducted in October 2011, in Morro Gaúcho, city of Arroio do Meio - RS. First, the species were identified from field observations. Second, the DHB was obtained by using a tape measure and caliper; of which, the height of each of the specimens were estimated from a visual observation. For image classification, an image of orthorectified RapidEye satellite TV, with five spectral bands (440 mM - 850 mM) was used, dated November 1, 2009 and with spatial resolution of 5 meters. The classification of satellite image shows a predominant area of the Floresta Estacional Decidual. Analyzing the arboreal species on the image combined with the research conducted in the field it was found that the sample 1, Myrsine umbellata is at the stage of natural regeneration. Analyzing the arboreal species in relation to the middle stage of natural regeneration, it is noticed that the Miconia hyemalis, Ocotea catharinensise the Syagrus romanzzofiana are at this stage. Analyzing the arboreal species in relation to the advanced stage of natural regeneration, it was found that canela-ferrugem e a corticeira-da-serra “cinnamon-rust and the cork-the-hills” is at this stage. The presence of secondary forest was observed in the region. This is the result from the process of natural regeneration in which areas of primary forest were completely deforested. The green portion of the image refers to industrial forests, meaning that, they are or going to be used for industrial purposes. In conclusion the analysis of satellite imagery helps managing information on different aspects of the same geographical area and facilitates the ability to visualize the interaction of different combinations of elements within the same space simultaneously. However, it was noticed the need for further inspection in the field, considering that there was a difference between one of the samples in the field and the classification created by geoprocessing.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Geoprocessamento; Mata Atlântica; Estágios sucessionais
Citação
SCHWAMBACH, Estevão. Avaliação fitossociológica e definição de estágios sucessionais de remanescentes de vegetação nativa delimitados por imagens de satélite na região do Vale do Taquari – RS – Brasil. 2014. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, ago. 2014. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/790.