ETNOBOTÂNICA E ETNOFARMACOLOGIA DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS UTILIZADAS NA MICRORREGIÃO DE ALTA FLORESTA – MATO GROSSO
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Data
2024-01
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Orientador
PÉRICO, EDUARDO
Banca
HOENE, LUCÉLIA
LOHMANN, PAULA
SILVEIRA, ELIANE FRAGA DA
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As plantas medicinais são definidas como espécies vegetais, cultivadas ou não, com fins terapêuticos. Nesse sentido, a etnobotânica e a etnofarmacologia são ciências que se complementam, permitindo a manutenção dos conhecimentos tradicionais e sua interação com o avanço da ciência. As plantas medicinais fazem parte da evolução do homem e da sociedade, uma vez que o uso de produtos provenientes da natureza sempre foram e continuam sendo recursos basilares terapêuticos empregados no trato da saúde do homem. Em áreas com grande diversidade, como a Amazônia, o leque de recursos pode derivar num maior uso e conhecimento de plantas medicinais. Nas comunidades rurais e indígenas, conhecimentos acerca das funções de plantas terapêuticas, instruções de como cuidar dos doentes que ali habitam e conhecimentos rotineiros (plantar e colher) são transmitidos de geração em geração. Nesta tese, na perspectiva do estudo da etnobotânica e da etnofarmacologia, buscamos a caracterização do uso de espécies vegetais cultivadas na zona rural e urbana, incluindo grupos tradicionais como os raizeiros, dos municípios de Alta Floresta e Carlinda, Mato Grosso, Brasil, no bioma amazônico (sul da Amazônia). Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram a importância e a abrangência dos conhecimentos dos povos originários na medicina tradicional da região. Além disso, observamos uma forte relação entre as plantas usadas por eles e as registradas para a região, o que indica uma relação uso-recurso, que favorece a conservação e a valorização não só do conhecimento, mas também do recurso. Outrossim, foi possível comparar o conhecimento de comunidades rurais e urbanas, visto que o uso de plantas medicinais tornou-se uma alternativa para o eixo social, no cuidado da saúde. Foi possível observar como as características socioeconômicas determinaram as principais diferenças entre as comunidades, em termos de religião, idade, renda, etc. Portanto, concluímos que o conhecimento tradicional de uso de plantas medicinais é essencial para a sociedade e muito mais para uma região com alta biodiversidade, como o sul da Amazônia, que pode servir como fonte para futuras pesquisas farmacológicas
Medicinal plants are defined as plant species, cultivated or not, for therapeutic purposes. In this sense, ethnobotany is an important science, since, in addition to considering the study of botany and ethnopharmacology simultaneously essential, it also aims to study the interaction of human societies with the plant kingdom so that traditional knowledge can be united with modern knowledge. Medicinal plants are part of the evolution of man and society, as the use of products from nature has always been the basic therapeutic resource used in treating human health. In areas with great diversity, such as the Amazon, the range of resources can result in greater use and knowledge of medicinal plants. In rural and indigenous communities, knowledge about routine activities such as planting and collecting, the function of therapeutic plants and how to care for people who were sick there are still transmitted from generation to generation. In this ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological study, we sought to characterize the use of plant species cultivated in rural and urban areas, including traditional groups such as healers, from the municipalities of Alta Floresta and Carlinda, Mato Grosso, Brazil, in the Amazonia biome (southern Amazonia). Our results showed the importance and scope of the healers' knowledge in traditional medicine in the region. In addition, we were able to observe a strong relationship between the plants used by them and those registered for the region, which indicates a use-resource relationship that favors the conservation and enhancement not only of knowledge, but also of the resource. In addition, it was possible to compare the knowledge of rural and urban communities, since the use of medicinal plants is becoming an alternative for man in health care. In this sense, we determined which socioeconomic characteristics determined the main differences between communities, such as religion, age, income, etc. We conclude that the traditional knowledge of the use of medicinal plants is essential for a society and much more for a region with high biodiversity such as the southern Amazonia, which can serve as a source for future pharmacological research.
Medicinal plants are defined as plant species, cultivated or not, for therapeutic purposes. In this sense, ethnobotany is an important science, since, in addition to considering the study of botany and ethnopharmacology simultaneously essential, it also aims to study the interaction of human societies with the plant kingdom so that traditional knowledge can be united with modern knowledge. Medicinal plants are part of the evolution of man and society, as the use of products from nature has always been the basic therapeutic resource used in treating human health. In areas with great diversity, such as the Amazon, the range of resources can result in greater use and knowledge of medicinal plants. In rural and indigenous communities, knowledge about routine activities such as planting and collecting, the function of therapeutic plants and how to care for people who were sick there are still transmitted from generation to generation. In this ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological study, we sought to characterize the use of plant species cultivated in rural and urban areas, including traditional groups such as healers, from the municipalities of Alta Floresta and Carlinda, Mato Grosso, Brazil, in the Amazonia biome (southern Amazonia). Our results showed the importance and scope of the healers' knowledge in traditional medicine in the region. In addition, we were able to observe a strong relationship between the plants used by them and those registered for the region, which indicates a use-resource relationship that favors the conservation and enhancement not only of knowledge, but also of the resource. In addition, it was possible to compare the knowledge of rural and urban communities, since the use of medicinal plants is becoming an alternative for man in health care. In this sense, we determined which socioeconomic characteristics determined the main differences between communities, such as religion, age, income, etc. We conclude that the traditional knowledge of the use of medicinal plants is essential for a society and much more for a region with high biodiversity such as the southern Amazonia, which can serve as a source for future pharmacological research.
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Palavras-chave
Região amazônica; Raizeiros; Comunidades rurais; Medicina tradicional; Amazon Region; Healers; Rural communities; Traditional medicine
Citação
TEIXEIRA, MARIA ILMALUCIA. ETNOBOTÂNICA E ETNOFARMACOLOGIA DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS UTILIZADAS NA MICRORREGIÃO DE ALTA FLORESTA – MATO GROSSO. 2024. Tese (Doutorado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 16 jan. 2024. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/4329.