Autolesão sem ideação suicida (ASIS): estudo de caso de instituição pública de ensino no interior da Bahia com perspectivas de ações preventivas tendo em vista estudantes adolescentes
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Date
2023-02
Authors
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Del Pino, José Claudio
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Brás, Marta Sofia Ventosa
Scavacini, Karen
Schuck, Rogério José
Dhein, Gisele
Scavacini, Karen
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Abstract
O cenário contemporâneo tem sido marcado por demandas múltiplas e multifacetadas, assim como muitos problemas que a sociedade enfrenta emergem de diversas ordens. Os comportamentos autodestrutivos têm se configurado como um deles, respingando na escola e interferindo no processo educativo. A Autolesão sem Ideação Suicida – ASIS é um fenômeno comportamental que tem ganhado evidência na contemporaneidade e afligido, principalmente, os adolescentes em âmbito pessoal, acadêmico, familiar e social, considerado como um problema de saúde pública e preocupante. A ASIS é um ato deliberado de destruição direta ou alteração do tecido corporal, sem intenção suicida consciente, que não é sancionado cultural ou socialmente, que provoca danos a si mesmo e se coloca em situações perigosas ou risco de morte. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a Autolesão sem Ideação Suicida de estudantes adolescentes para intervenção com perspectiva de ações preventivas a partir de estudo de caso em instituição pública de ensino em município no interior da Bahia. Este trabalho teve uma abordagem de pesquisa qualiquantitativa e, como interlocutores, contou com os professores, os técnicos e os gestores da instituição pesquisada. Este trabalho fomentou uma atitude reflexiva e investigativa sobre o contexto escolar e a realidade da ASIS, por meio de diversos olhares teóricos e dos sujeitos que vivem ou lidam diretamente com esse problema. Os resultados evidenciaram a existência de casos de estudantes engajados na ASIS na instituição, a importância e disposição dos funcionários da escola de serem treinados para lidar com a problemática e a necessidade de implementação de protocolo escolar para o manejo da ASIS. No âmbito deste estudo, foi proposto um protocolo escolar para o manejo da ASIS, como possibilidade de intervenção com perspectiva de ações preventivas, com orientações para diversos segmentos e setores da instituição, com o fito de zelar pela promoção da saúde mental, bem-estar e segurança da comunidade local. Além disso, apresentou também duas dimensões caleidoscópicas do cuidado: educação artististica e educação física, espiritualidade e religiosidade. Entende-se que, embora o protocolo escolar apresente limitações, configurou-se como alternativa inicial para assistir estudantes adolescentes suspeitos ou confirmados com Autolesão sem Ideação Suicida, de forma planejada, responsável, ética e cuidadosa. Trazer a Autolesão sem Ideação Suicida para os debates do campo educacional é uma necessidade premente e que não pode mais ser ignorada. Este trabalho contribuiu com a construção de conhecimentos científicos sobre a ASIS e com o repensar do papel da escola como colaboradora da rede intersetorial, numa trama de cuidados, reconhecendo seus desafios, limites e possibilidades.
The current scenario has been marked by multiple and multifaceted demands, and many problems that society faces emerge from different orders. Self-destructive behaviors have become one of them, spilling over into the school and interfering with the educational process. Self-injury Without Suicide Ideation -ASIS is a behavioral phenomenon that has gained evidence in contemporary times and afflicts adolescents in the personal, academic, family and social spheres, considered a worrying public health problem. ASIS is a deliberate act of direct destruction or alteration of bodily tissue, without conscious suicidal intent, which is not culturally or socially sanctioned, is not motivated by religious or political ends, by delirium, confusion or mental disorder, and which causes harm to the self. himself and puts himself in dangerous or life-threatening situations. This study aimed to understand self-injury without suicidal ideation of adolescent students for intervention with a perspective of preventive actions based on a case study in a public educational institution in a municipality in the interior of Bahia. This investigation had a qualitative and quantitative research approach and teachers, technicians and managers of the researched institution were the interlocutors. This work fostered a reflective and investigative attitude about the school context and the reality of ASIS, through different theoretical perspectives and the subjects who live or deal directly with this problem. The results showed the existence of cases of students engaged in ASIS in the institution, the importance and willingness of school employees to be trained to deal with this problem and the need to implement a school protocol for the management of ASIS. Within the scope of this study, a school protocol was proposed for the management of ASIS, as a possibility of intervention with a perspective of preventive actions, with guidelines for different segments and sectors of the institution, with the aim of ensuring the promotion of mental health, well-being and safety of the local community. It is understood that, although the school protocol has limitations, it was configured as an alternative to assist adolescent students suspected or confirmed with self-injury in a planned, responsible, ethical and careful way. Bringing self-injury without suicidal ideation to debates in the educational field is an urgent need that can no longer be ignored. This work sought to contribute to the construction of scientific knowledge about ASIS and to rethink the school's role as a collaborator of the intersectoral network, in a care network that recognizes its challenges, limits and possibilities.
The current scenario has been marked by multiple and multifaceted demands, and many problems that society faces emerge from different orders. Self-destructive behaviors have become one of them, spilling over into the school and interfering with the educational process. Self-injury Without Suicide Ideation -ASIS is a behavioral phenomenon that has gained evidence in contemporary times and afflicts adolescents in the personal, academic, family and social spheres, considered a worrying public health problem. ASIS is a deliberate act of direct destruction or alteration of bodily tissue, without conscious suicidal intent, which is not culturally or socially sanctioned, is not motivated by religious or political ends, by delirium, confusion or mental disorder, and which causes harm to the self. himself and puts himself in dangerous or life-threatening situations. This study aimed to understand self-injury without suicidal ideation of adolescent students for intervention with a perspective of preventive actions based on a case study in a public educational institution in a municipality in the interior of Bahia. This investigation had a qualitative and quantitative research approach and teachers, technicians and managers of the researched institution were the interlocutors. This work fostered a reflective and investigative attitude about the school context and the reality of ASIS, through different theoretical perspectives and the subjects who live or deal directly with this problem. The results showed the existence of cases of students engaged in ASIS in the institution, the importance and willingness of school employees to be trained to deal with this problem and the need to implement a school protocol for the management of ASIS. Within the scope of this study, a school protocol was proposed for the management of ASIS, as a possibility of intervention with a perspective of preventive actions, with guidelines for different segments and sectors of the institution, with the aim of ensuring the promotion of mental health, well-being and safety of the local community. It is understood that, although the school protocol has limitations, it was configured as an alternative to assist adolescent students suspected or confirmed with self-injury in a planned, responsible, ethical and careful way. Bringing self-injury without suicidal ideation to debates in the educational field is an urgent need that can no longer be ignored. This work sought to contribute to the construction of scientific knowledge about ASIS and to rethink the school's role as a collaborator of the intersectoral network, in a care network that recognizes its challenges, limits and possibilities.
Description
Keywords
Autolesão sem Ideação Suicida (ASIS); Escola; Prevenção; Protocolo Escolar; Estudantes Adolescentes; Dimensões caleidoscópicas do cuidado; Non Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI); School; Prevention; School protocol; Teenage students; Chaldeidoscopic dimensions of care
Citation
JESUS, Francineide Pereira De. Autolesão sem ideação suicida (ASIS): estudo de caso de instituição pública de ensino no interior da Bahia com perspectivas de ações preventivas tendo em vista estudantes adolescentes. 2023. Tese (Doutorado) – Curso de Ensino, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 01 mar. 2023. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/4365.