Caracterização fitoquímica, potencial antioxidante e citotoxicidade de espécie vegetal pertencente à família Solanaceae
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2017-01
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Stoll, Stefani Natali
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A importância da detecção e caracterização de constituintes fitoquímicos é justificada pela grande contribuição das plantas na terapêutica, pois muitas foram fonte de protótipos relevantes para a saúde pública, devido principalmente à sua complexidade estrutural, que muitas vezes inviabiliza a síntese orgânica de certas substâncias. Dentre a imensa biodiversidade vegetal, encontra-se a espécie Solanum mauritianum, empregada popularmente para inflamações, febres, doenças de pele, entre outras enfermidades. De acordo com o exposto, o trabalho visa contribuir com a elucidação e caracterização fitoquímica, avaliação do potencial antioxidante e citotoxicidade dos extratos, de forma a coadjuvar com o uso da espécie do gênero supracitado para determinados fins terapêuticos. A análise fitoquímica qualitativa revelou a presença de alcaloides, flavonoides e triterpenoides no extrato etanólico (EEC) e flavonoides no extrato aquoso do caule (EAC). No extrato aquoso da casca (EACAS) foi constatado a presença de flavonoides e saponinas. A análise fitoquímica quantitativa para fenóis totais, adaptada do método de Folin-Ciocalteu, revelou maior concentração no EACAS, seguido do EEC e EAC, respectivamente. Todos os extratos na concentração de 200 μg/mL apresentaram atividade antioxidante (pelo método de redução do DPPH), destacando-se o extrato EACAS com uma média de 73,65 % ± 3,49. A citotoxicidade foi avaliada pelo método de MTT, utilizando duas linhagens celulares, a MRC-5 e a LNCap. O EACAS não apresentou toxicidade nas células avaliadas. O EAC apresentou maior atividade citotóxica frente às células MRC-5, na concentração de 100 μg/mL, diminuindo a viabilidade em 30 % ± 0,29. Já o EEC apresentou atividade em ambas as linhagens celulares (MRC-5 e LNCap), reduzindo em 19,55 % ± 2,88 e 24,67 % ± 1,45 a viabilidade celular, respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os três extratos atuam de modo específico nas células, de acordo com os fitoconstituintes presentes, o potencial antioxidante e a metodologia aplicada.
The importance of the detection and characterization of phytochemical constituents is justified by the great contribution of plants in therapy, since many were relevant source of prototypes for public health, mainly due to its structural complexity, which often prevents the organic synthesis of certain substances. Among the huge plant diversity, Solanum mauritianum are species commonly employed to inflammation, fever, skin diseases, and other diseases. According to the above, the work aims to contribute to the elucidation and phytochemical characterization, evaluation of the antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity of the extracts, in order to assist with the use of the above genus species for certain therapeutic purposes. The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and triterpenoids in ethanol extract (EEC) and flavonoids in the aqueous extract of the stem (EAC). In the aqueous extract of the bark (EACAS) it was found the presence of flavonoids and saponins. Quantitative phytochemical analysis for total phenols, adapted from the Folin-Ciocalteu method, showed a higher concentration in EACAS followed by the EEC and EAC, respectively. All extracts in concentration of 200 μg/mL showed antioxidant activity (by the DPPH reduction method), highlighting the EACAS extract with an average of 73,65% ± 3,49. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT method using two cell lines, MRC-5 and LNCaP. The EACAS showed no toxicity in cells evaluated. The HCS showed higher cytotoxic activity against MRC-5 cells at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, reducing the viability by 30% ± 0,29. Since the EEC showed activity in both cell lines (MRC-5 and LNCap), reducing 19,55% ± 2,88 and 24,67 ± 1,45% cell viability, respectively. The results show that the three extracts act specifically in the cells, according to the phytochemicals present, the antioxidant potential and the applied methodology.
The importance of the detection and characterization of phytochemical constituents is justified by the great contribution of plants in therapy, since many were relevant source of prototypes for public health, mainly due to its structural complexity, which often prevents the organic synthesis of certain substances. Among the huge plant diversity, Solanum mauritianum are species commonly employed to inflammation, fever, skin diseases, and other diseases. According to the above, the work aims to contribute to the elucidation and phytochemical characterization, evaluation of the antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity of the extracts, in order to assist with the use of the above genus species for certain therapeutic purposes. The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and triterpenoids in ethanol extract (EEC) and flavonoids in the aqueous extract of the stem (EAC). In the aqueous extract of the bark (EACAS) it was found the presence of flavonoids and saponins. Quantitative phytochemical analysis for total phenols, adapted from the Folin-Ciocalteu method, showed a higher concentration in EACAS followed by the EEC and EAC, respectively. All extracts in concentration of 200 μg/mL showed antioxidant activity (by the DPPH reduction method), highlighting the EACAS extract with an average of 73,65% ± 3,49. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT method using two cell lines, MRC-5 and LNCaP. The EACAS showed no toxicity in cells evaluated. The HCS showed higher cytotoxic activity against MRC-5 cells at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, reducing the viability by 30% ± 0,29. Since the EEC showed activity in both cell lines (MRC-5 and LNCap), reducing 19,55% ± 2,88 and 24,67 ± 1,45% cell viability, respectively. The results show that the three extracts act specifically in the cells, according to the phytochemicals present, the antioxidant potential and the applied methodology.
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Plantas medicinais; Propriedades terapêuticas; Metabólitos secundários
Citação
BERGMANN, Gabriela Caye. Caracterização fitoquímica, potencial antioxidante e citotoxicidade de espécie vegetal pertencente à família Solanaceae. 2016. Artigo (Graduação) – Curso de Farmácia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 28 jun. 2016. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/1310.