Dimensionamento de estrutura de contenção do tipo muro de gabião: estudo de caso no Arroio Jacaré, no município de Encantado/RS
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Data
2018-02-28
Autores
Orientador
Mattos, João Rodrigo Guerreiro
Banca
Franzoni, Carolina Becker Porto
Carretta, Mariana Da Silva
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Resumo
A paisagem vem sendo alterada ao passar do tempo, sendo que seus agentes causadores são ora naturais e, ora antrópicos. Um dos principais agentes modeladores da superfície terrestre são os rios, que por sua vez, sofrem com a erosão acelerada pelas enchentes severas e a retirada de vegetação, contribuindo para a instabilidade dos taludes fluviais. Logo, o dimensionamento de estruturas de contenção, se torna uma técnica viável para redução da perda de área decorrente da erosão lateral em um talude fluvial. O Arroio Jacaré, localizado no município de Encantado/RS, vem sofrendo, ao longo dos últimos anos, com erosão acelerada
nas suas margens. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo dimensionar, de forma simples e expedita, uma estrutura de contenção de gabião. Para tanto, os estudos envolveram levantamento de campo, coleta de amostras e ensaios laboratoriais a fim de determinar os parâmetros do solo em estudo, para
inserção dos dados no software Slope/W para verificação da estabilidade do talude e GawacWin BR 2.0 para a estabilidade do conjunto talude estrutura. Na primeira análise de estabilidade foi verificado o talude, que se mostrou eminente à ruptura, ou seja, seu fator de segurança é bastante próximo mais é menor que o limite, com o talude rompido na posição normal do nível de água, foi elevado o mesmo buscando encontrar uma situação hipotética o que conduziu o talude a fatores bem abaixo do limite. A segunda verificação, foi referente ao conjunto talude estrutura de contenção, foram montadas diversas combinações o mais próximas da
realidade possível, as verificações foram feitas tanto para estruturas com degraus externos quanto internos, porém, na combinação mais severa somente a estrutura com os degraus internos proveu segurança. Através dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a causa principal da ocorrência do colapso do talude estudado foi à
falta de vegetação no talude, inundações de grande porte, acarretando em grande volume e velocidade das águas do arroio, e pelo fato de se tratar de um solo arenoso de baixa coesão, basta o nível de água subir para que o solo seja levado com facilidade. Portanto a solução obtida se mostra adequada à resolução do problema, ou seja, o dimensionamento da estrutura de contenção de gabião no trecho do rio analisado provém segurança ao talude.
The landscape has been altered over time, and the causative agents are both natural and now anthropic. One of the main modeling agents of the terrestrial surface are the rivers, which in their turn, suffer from erosion accelerated by severe floods and by the withdrawal of vegetation, contributing to the instability of the fluvial slopes. Hence, the dimensioning of containment structures becomes a viable technique to reduce the loss of area due to lateral erosion in a fluvial slope. Jacaré Stream, located in the municipality of Encantado / RS, has suffered, over the last years, with accelerated erosion on its banks. In this sense, the present work has the objective of dimensioning, in a simple and expeditious way, a gabion containment structure. To do so, the studies involved field survey, sample collection and laboratory tests in order to determine the parameters of the soil under study, for data insertion in the software Slope/W to verify slope stability, and GawacWin BR 2.0 for stability of the set slope structure. In the first stability analysis, the slope was verified, which proved to be imminent to the rupture, that is, its safety factor is quite close but it is smaller than the limit; with the broken slope in the normal position of the water level, the level was elevated in search to find a hypothetical situation which led the slope into factors well below the limit. The second verification referred to the set slope containment structure. Several combinations were as close to reality as possible. The checks were made for both external and internal step structures, but in the most severe combination only the structure with the internal steps provided security. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the main cause of the collapse of the slope studied was the lack of vegetation on the slope, large floods, causing great volume and speed of the stream, and because it is a sandy soil of low cohesion, it is enough for the water level to rise so that the soil can be carried easily. Therefore, the solution obtained is adequate to solve the problem, that is, the dimensioning of the gabion containment structure in the section of the river analyzed provides safety to the slope.
The landscape has been altered over time, and the causative agents are both natural and now anthropic. One of the main modeling agents of the terrestrial surface are the rivers, which in their turn, suffer from erosion accelerated by severe floods and by the withdrawal of vegetation, contributing to the instability of the fluvial slopes. Hence, the dimensioning of containment structures becomes a viable technique to reduce the loss of area due to lateral erosion in a fluvial slope. Jacaré Stream, located in the municipality of Encantado / RS, has suffered, over the last years, with accelerated erosion on its banks. In this sense, the present work has the objective of dimensioning, in a simple and expeditious way, a gabion containment structure. To do so, the studies involved field survey, sample collection and laboratory tests in order to determine the parameters of the soil under study, for data insertion in the software Slope/W to verify slope stability, and GawacWin BR 2.0 for stability of the set slope structure. In the first stability analysis, the slope was verified, which proved to be imminent to the rupture, that is, its safety factor is quite close but it is smaller than the limit; with the broken slope in the normal position of the water level, the level was elevated in search to find a hypothetical situation which led the slope into factors well below the limit. The second verification referred to the set slope containment structure. Several combinations were as close to reality as possible. The checks were made for both external and internal step structures, but in the most severe combination only the structure with the internal steps provided security. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the main cause of the collapse of the slope studied was the lack of vegetation on the slope, large floods, causing great volume and speed of the stream, and because it is a sandy soil of low cohesion, it is enough for the water level to rise so that the soil can be carried easily. Therefore, the solution obtained is adequate to solve the problem, that is, the dimensioning of the gabion containment structure in the section of the river analyzed provides safety to the slope.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Estruturas de contenção; Muro de Gabião; Taludes fluviais
Citação
VALDUGA, Marina. Dimensionamento de estrutura de contenção do tipo muro de gabião: estudo de caso no Arroio Jacaré, no município de Encantado/RS. 2017. Monografia (Graduação em Engenharia Civil) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 12 dez. 2017. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/1928.