Qualidade de vida de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus: Ações desenvolvidas pelas Estratégias Saúde da Família
Carregando...
Data
2018-08-20
Autores
Orientador
Rempel, Claudete
Banca
Título do periódico
ISSN
Título do Volume
Editor
Resumo
O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) é uma doença que apresenta alta prevalência e está relacionada às elevadas taxas de morbimortalidade, podendo provocar impacto na qualidade de vida (QV) das pessoas. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a QV de pessoas com DM e verificar as ações desenvolvidas pelos profissionais de saúde
das Estratégias Saúde da Família (ESF), que buscam promover a QV dessas pessoas. Caracteriza-se como um estudo exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem de triangulação de métodos quantitativos e qualitativos. Foram utilizadas pesquisas de campo e base de coleta de dados transversal. Os sujeitos investigados foram as pessoas com DM cadastradas e atendidas em todas as ESF de Lajeado/RS, bem como os profissionais de saúde que trabalham com essa população. A coleta de dados foi realizada de abril a outubro de 2015, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e aplicação de questionários. As entrevistas foram analisadas por
categorização. Os questionários foram tabulados e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Constatou-se que a maioria das pessoas com diabetes autoavalia sua QV como boa ou muito boa e quanto à sua saúde, a maioria se autoavalia como satisfeita ou muito satisfeita. A média geral de QV é boa, incluindo todos os domínios (físico, psicológico, relação social e meio ambiente). Os resultados evidenciam, ainda, que ter QV para uma pessoa com DM é ter saúde - controlar a doença, estar bem consigo mesma e sentir-se bem em seu meio de convivência de acordo com as limitações decorrentes do DM. Constataram-se diversas atividades interativas desenvolvidas pelas ESF que promovem educação em diabetes e que podem melhorar a QV das pessoas com a doença. As estratégias evidenciadas foram: grupo amigos da balança, grupo de caminhadas, grupo de educação física, consulta nutricional, consulta de enfermagem, consulta médica,
distribuição de medicamentos, visita domiciliar, bom atendimento, grupo de diabéticos e hipertensos e grupo de educação em saúde. A educação em DM também é promovida em espaços externos aos das ESF (grupo de mulheres, grupo de terceira idade e escolas). As ESF estão promovendo ações educativas em DM,
porém, ao verificar a prevalência de participação nos grupos de educação em diabetes, esta demonstra pouca participação das pessoas com DM nas atividades por meio de grupos de educação em DM. Ao comparar a média de QV das pessoas que participam e não participam dos grupos de educação DM, verificou-se que não
houve diferença significativa. Ao considerar que o DM é uma doença crônica, ressalta-se a importância das ESF estabelecerem entre seus objetivos, a promoção de ações que visem melhorar a satisfação das pessoas acometidas pela doença, contemplando o sucesso do tratamento aliado ao seu bem-estar geral.
Diabetes Mellitus is a highly prevalent disease that is related to high morbi-mortality rates and may impact people's quality of life. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of life of persons suffering from Diabetes Mellitus and to verify the actions developed by health professionals from the Family Health Strategies seeking to promote those persons' quality of life. The study is characterized as exploratory-descriptive with triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods. Field research and transversal base data collection were employed. It was undertaken with Diabetes Mellitus patients registered and treated at all FHS in Lajeado/RS and the health professionals who work with that population. Data collection was performed during 2015 by means of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The interviews were analyzed through categorization. The questionnaires were tabled and analyzed by means of descriptive and inferential statistics. It was ascertained that the majority of persons suffering from DM self-assesses their QoL as good or very good and as to their health condition, the majority self-assesses it as satisfied or very satisfied. The QoL general average is good, including all domains (physical, psychological, social relations and environment). The results also bring to evidence that quality of life for a person suffering from DM means being healthy - control the disease, feeling good about themselves and with their social relations environment according to the limitations that result from DM. Several interactive activities developed by the FHS were found to promote educating about DM, and they can improve the QoL of persons suffering from DM. The strategies made evident were the following: scales friends group; walking group; physical education group; nutritional consultation; nursing consultation; medical consultation; medication distribution; home visit; good treatment; diabetics and hypertension group; health education group. DM education is also promoted in spaces outside the FHS (women group; elderly and schools group). The FHS are promoting educational actions on DM, however, upon verifying the prevalence of attendance in diabetes education groups, it was found that there was low attendance of persons suffering from DM in the activities by means of diabetes education groups. Upon comparison of the average QoL of those who attended and those who did not attend the diabetes education groups, no significant difference was found. Considering that DM is a chronic disease, the importance of the FHS establishing among their objectives to promote actions to improve the satisfaction of persons affected by the disease is highlighted by contemplating treatment success linked to general well-being.
Diabetes Mellitus is a highly prevalent disease that is related to high morbi-mortality rates and may impact people's quality of life. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of life of persons suffering from Diabetes Mellitus and to verify the actions developed by health professionals from the Family Health Strategies seeking to promote those persons' quality of life. The study is characterized as exploratory-descriptive with triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods. Field research and transversal base data collection were employed. It was undertaken with Diabetes Mellitus patients registered and treated at all FHS in Lajeado/RS and the health professionals who work with that population. Data collection was performed during 2015 by means of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The interviews were analyzed through categorization. The questionnaires were tabled and analyzed by means of descriptive and inferential statistics. It was ascertained that the majority of persons suffering from DM self-assesses their QoL as good or very good and as to their health condition, the majority self-assesses it as satisfied or very satisfied. The QoL general average is good, including all domains (physical, psychological, social relations and environment). The results also bring to evidence that quality of life for a person suffering from DM means being healthy - control the disease, feeling good about themselves and with their social relations environment according to the limitations that result from DM. Several interactive activities developed by the FHS were found to promote educating about DM, and they can improve the QoL of persons suffering from DM. The strategies made evident were the following: scales friends group; walking group; physical education group; nutritional consultation; nursing consultation; medical consultation; medication distribution; home visit; good treatment; diabetics and hypertension group; health education group. DM education is also promoted in spaces outside the FHS (women group; elderly and schools group). The FHS are promoting educational actions on DM, however, upon verifying the prevalence of attendance in diabetes education groups, it was found that there was low attendance of persons suffering from DM in the activities by means of diabetes education groups. Upon comparison of the average QoL of those who attended and those who did not attend the diabetes education groups, no significant difference was found. Considering that DM is a chronic disease, the importance of the FHS establishing among their objectives to promote actions to improve the satisfaction of persons affected by the disease is highlighted by contemplating treatment success linked to general well-being.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Diabetes Melito; Hiperglicemia; Atenção Básica à Saúde; Promoção da saúde
Citação
MORESCHI, Claudete. Qualidade de vida de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus: Ações desenvolvidas pelas Estratégias Saúde da Família. 2016. Tese (Doutorado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 04 ago. 2016. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2167.