Técnica de bioengenharia de solos aplicada na remediação de áreas degradadas por erosão hídrica no Arroio Tamanduá em Marques de Souza/RS
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Data
2018-10-08
Autores
Orientador
Folletto, Flávio Aguiar
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Resumo
A erosão fluvial é resultado da dinâmica natural existente em todos os cursos da água, devido a constante adaptação. No decorrer deste sistema a relação entre o escoamento permanente e as margens resultam em frequentes e significativas modificações. Essas remodelagens traduzem-se, em um aumento das forças que
atuam sobre a calha do leito, provocando erosão no momento em que o acréscimo de tensão ultrapassa a resistência do solo. Neste contexto, o presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar os cenários de degradação nas margens do arroio Tamanduá, situado no município de Marques de Souza/RS. A partir de um diagnóstico
preliminar, baseado nos aspectos fisiográficos da Bacia Hidrográfica, pretende-se ainda, propor técnicas de bioengenharia de solos, assim como, conhecer os custos de diferentes metodologias. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, foram avaliados e extraído dados da cartografia vetorial existente, servindo de base para o conhecimento de parâmetros morfológicos. A coleta de dados in loco, possibilitou a avaliação da atual situação das margens, bem como identificar cenários críticos e valorar os custos de implantação. A contextualização dos objetivos, aliado aos critérios propostos, resultaram na identificação de três áreas, significativamente atingidas por erosão hídrica, as quais integraram a avaliação para implantação de técnicas de bioengenharia de solos. A metodologia indicada, neste caso, foi o enrocamento, devido eficiência e a confiabilidade estrutural, relacionada ao contexto atual das margens, a necessidade de contenção permanente e a viabilidade econômica. A técnica proposta poderá contribuir na remediação de danos
ambientais, sociais e econômicos causados por erosão hídrica, assim como, estabilizar os processos erosivos.
River erosion is a result of the natural dynamics in all watercourses, due to constant adaptation. Throughout this system, the relationship between the permanent flow and the margins, result in frequent and significant changes. These remodelings translate into an increase in the forces acting on the bed channel, causing erosion, at the moment that the increase of tension exceeds the resistance of the soil. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the degradation scenarios on the banks of the Tamanduá stream, located in the municipality of Marques de Souza / RS. From a preliminary diagnosis, based on the physiographic aspects of the Hydrographic Basin, it is also proposed to propose techniques of bioengineering of soils, as well as to know the costs of different methodologies. In order to reach the proposed objectives, we evaluated and extracted data from the existing vector cartography, serving as the basis for the knowledge of morphological parameters. On-site data collection enabled the evaluation of the current margins situation, as well as identifying critical scenarios and assessing the implementation costs. The contextualization of the objectives, together with the proposed criteria, resulted in the identification of three areas, significantly affected by water erosion, which integrated the evaluation for the implantation of soil bioengineering techniques. The methodology indicated, in this case, was rockfill, due to efficiency and structural reliability, related to the current context of the margins, the need for permanent containment and economic viability. The proposed technique may contribute to the remediation of environmental, social and economic damages caused by water erosion, as well as to stabilize the erosive processes.
River erosion is a result of the natural dynamics in all watercourses, due to constant adaptation. Throughout this system, the relationship between the permanent flow and the margins, result in frequent and significant changes. These remodelings translate into an increase in the forces acting on the bed channel, causing erosion, at the moment that the increase of tension exceeds the resistance of the soil. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the degradation scenarios on the banks of the Tamanduá stream, located in the municipality of Marques de Souza / RS. From a preliminary diagnosis, based on the physiographic aspects of the Hydrographic Basin, it is also proposed to propose techniques of bioengineering of soils, as well as to know the costs of different methodologies. In order to reach the proposed objectives, we evaluated and extracted data from the existing vector cartography, serving as the basis for the knowledge of morphological parameters. On-site data collection enabled the evaluation of the current margins situation, as well as identifying critical scenarios and assessing the implementation costs. The contextualization of the objectives, together with the proposed criteria, resulted in the identification of three areas, significantly affected by water erosion, which integrated the evaluation for the implantation of soil bioengineering techniques. The methodology indicated, in this case, was rockfill, due to efficiency and structural reliability, related to the current context of the margins, the need for permanent containment and economic viability. The proposed technique may contribute to the remediation of environmental, social and economic damages caused by water erosion, as well as to stabilize the erosive processes.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Erosão Hídrica; Bioengenharia de Solos; Remediação
Citação
BRAUN, Marcell Guilherme. Técnica de bioengenharia de solos aplicada na remediação de áreas degradadas por erosão hídrica no Arroio Tamanduá em Marques de Souza/RS. 2018. Monografia (Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 17 jul. 2018. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2305.