Modelagem Matemática e Cálculo Numérico: proposta pedagógica para cursos de Engenharia de Produção e Engenharia Química
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Data
2015-12
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Orientador
Quartieri, Marli Teresinha
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Resumo
Observando o alto índice de reprovação dos acadêmicos de Engenharia Química e Engenharia de Produção na disciplina de Cálculo Numérico, decidiu-se efetivar uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, envolvendo a Modelagem Matemática nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem da referida disciplina. O objetivo foi analisar as implicações do desenvolvimento de atividades, utilizando Modelagem Matemática, nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de Cálculo Numérico a um grupo de acadêmicos da Engenharia de Produção e a outro de Engenharia Química. A intervenção ocorreu em quatro encontros, sendo que o primeiro tratou da apresentação da proposta pedagógica, o encontro dois tratou do processo da modelagem matemática em sala de aula, o encontro três serviu para socialização dos modelos matemáticos desenvolvidos e no quarto encontro foi aplicado um diagnóstico aos acadêmicos. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram diários de bordo, filmagem e questionários, realizando-se uma análise descritiva destes dados. Os alunos da turma de Engenharia da Produção produziram dez modelos matemáticos, os quais envolveram o tema da produção de lixo e o açaí no Amapá. Estes acadêmicos utilizaram interpolação linear, ajustes de curva, sistemas lineares para poderem obter o modelo matemático desejado. A turma de Engenharia Química
produziu cinco modelos matemáticos que envolveram os temas da concentração de solução química e balanceamento das equações químicas. Os conteúdos problematizados nesta turma foram ajuste de curva, sistemas lineares, interpolação linear, zero da função e integral. Quanto aos resultados, tanto na análise do professor pesquisador, quanto na avaliação dos acadêmicos, pode-se inferir que o uso a Modelagem Matemática contribuiu produtivamente para os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem do Cálculo Numérico, pois a mesma conduziu os alunos à atitudes diferenciadas diante de desafios em relação à pesquisa, melhorou a compreensão dos conteúdos de Cálculo numérico por parte dos acadêmicos, além de mostrarem
motivação, dedicação e integração da turma na construção de seus modelos.
Noting the high rate of failure of academics of Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering in Numerical Calculus discipline, the opportunity arose to do a qualitative research, a case study, involving mathematical modeling in the teaching and learning of that discipline . The objective was to analyze the implications of development activities using Mathematical Modeling in educational processes and Numerical Calculus learning to a group of scholars of Production Engineering and the other of Chemical Engineering. The intervention took place in four meetings, the first of which dealt with the presentation of the educational proposal, the meeting two dealt with the mathematical modeling process in the classroom, the meeting three served to socialization of the developed mathematical models and the fourth meeting was applied a diagnosis to academics. The data collection instruments were logbook, shooting and questionnaires and used a qualitative analysis. As a result it can be inferred that the class of Production Engineering has produced ten mathematical models of which involved the issue of waste production and acai in Amapá. These scholars used linear interpolation, curve fits, linear systems in order to obtain the desired mathematical model. As the class of Chemical Engineering, it produced five models of which involved the issues of chemical solution concentration and balancing chemical equations. The content in this class were problematized curve fitting, linear systems, linear interpolation function of zero and full. As for the results, both in the analysis of the research professor, as the assessment of academics, the proposal of mathematical modeling has contributed to the processes of teaching and learning Numerical Calculus because it led the students to differentiated attitudes in the face of challenges in relation to the research, improved the understanding of the contents of Numerical Calculus on the part of the academics, besides showing motivation, dedication and integration of the class in the construction of their models.
Noting the high rate of failure of academics of Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering in Numerical Calculus discipline, the opportunity arose to do a qualitative research, a case study, involving mathematical modeling in the teaching and learning of that discipline . The objective was to analyze the implications of development activities using Mathematical Modeling in educational processes and Numerical Calculus learning to a group of scholars of Production Engineering and the other of Chemical Engineering. The intervention took place in four meetings, the first of which dealt with the presentation of the educational proposal, the meeting two dealt with the mathematical modeling process in the classroom, the meeting three served to socialization of the developed mathematical models and the fourth meeting was applied a diagnosis to academics. The data collection instruments were logbook, shooting and questionnaires and used a qualitative analysis. As a result it can be inferred that the class of Production Engineering has produced ten mathematical models of which involved the issue of waste production and acai in Amapá. These scholars used linear interpolation, curve fits, linear systems in order to obtain the desired mathematical model. As the class of Chemical Engineering, it produced five models of which involved the issues of chemical solution concentration and balancing chemical equations. The content in this class were problematized curve fitting, linear systems, linear interpolation function of zero and full. As for the results, both in the analysis of the research professor, as the assessment of academics, the proposal of mathematical modeling has contributed to the processes of teaching and learning Numerical Calculus because it led the students to differentiated attitudes in the face of challenges in relation to the research, improved the understanding of the contents of Numerical Calculus on the part of the academics, besides showing motivation, dedication and integration of the class in the construction of their models.
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Palavras-chave
Modelagem Matemática; Cálculo Numérico; Engenharia da Produção; Engenharia Química; Mathematical Modeling; Numerical calculation; Production Engineering; Chemical engineering
Citação
MESQUITA, Jefferson Ferreira. Modelagem Matemática e Cálculo Numérico: proposta pedagógica para cursos de Engenharia de Produção e Engenharia Química. 2015. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ensino de Ciências Exatas, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 18 dez. 2015. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2519.