Produção de tijolos prensados com agregados reciclados da construção civil: estudo de caso em Cuiabá - MT
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Data
2021-01
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Ethur, Eduardo Miranda
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O setor da construção civil provoca grandes impactos ambientais decorrentes de suas atividades, sendo que a elevada geração de resíduos, denominados de Resíduos da Construção Civil (RCC), representa uma das principais justificativas para tal afirmação, visto estarem associadas a várias problemáticas críticas e urgentes dentro do contexto urbano. Assim, a relevância desta pesquisa se justifica pelo reaproveitamento deste material (RCC) como uma alternativa de incorporá-lo á fabricação de tijolos, com o objetivo de minimizar especialmente o caso dos resíduos da construção civil em Cuiabá (MT). Para viabilizar a produção de tijolo prensado, foram utilizados Agregados Reciclados da Construção Civil (ARCC) provenientes da empresa concessionária Eco Ambiental. A partir das informações e dados levantados, foram estudadas as legislações vigentes priorizando o tema, com ênfase nos instrumentos legais estipulados para a gestão ambiental de (RCC). Os tijolos prensados com (RCC) serão utilizados na execução de alvenarias de vedação, tendo como objetivo proporcionar um destino adequado ao (RCC), a fim de contribuir com a sustentabilidade na construção, atenuando, os problemas enfrentados pelos órgãos ambientais e sociais. Para caracterização dos materiais, foram realizados os seguintes ensaios laboratoriais, conforme as Normas Técnicas vigentes: análise granulométrica, resistência á compressão simples, absorção por capilaridade, absorção de água por imersão, reação álcali-agregado (RAA) e índice de pozolanicidade. Foi utilizado o agregado miúdo onde se escolheu a porcentagem com teor de argamassa (51%), aplicando nos traços definidos (1:7, 1:9, 1:11 e 1:20). Foram produzidos tijolos com (RCC) para serem analisados nas idades de 07, 14, 28 e 180 dias. Os resultados demonstraram que a fabricação dos tijolos com os resíduos da construção civil (RCC) e cimento Portland, foram satisfatórios, conforme os valores mínimos estabelecidos pela NBR 8492 (ABNT, 2012), se enquadram na norma que direcionam os valores individuais = 1,7 MPa, e para a média de resistência = 2 MPa, com idade mínima de sete dias, para serem utilizados como elementos de vedação em paredes internas acima do nível do solo. Os valores encontrados aos 7 dias foram: traço 1:7 valor 4,25 MPa; traço 1:9 valor: 3,8 MPa; traço 1:11 valor: 2,88 MPa e traço 1:20 valor 2,51 MPa. Diante do exposto conclui-se que os tijolos em estudo atendem as Normas especificadas e aos 180 dias obtivemos os valores: traço: 1:7 valor 5,50 MPa; traço 1:9 valor 4,40 MPa; traço 1:11 valor 3,76 MPa e traço 1:20 valor de 2,20 MPa. Os resultados apontam a viabilidade desse produto na construção civil, gerando emprego e renda, além de contribuir com os impactos ambientais.
The civil construction sector causes great environmental impacts resulting from its activities, and the high generation of waste, called Civil Construction Waste (RCC), represents one of the main justifications for this statement, since they are associated with several critical and urgent problems within the urban context. Thus, the relevance of this research is justified by the reuse of this material (RCC) as an alternative to incorporate it in the manufacture of bricks, in order to minimize especially the case of construction waste in Cuiabá (MT). To make the pressed brick production feasible, Recycled Aggregates from Civil Construction (ARCC) from the concessionaire Eco Ambiental were used. Based on the information and data collected, the current legislation was studied, prioritizing the theme, with emphasis on the legal instruments stipulated for the environmental management of (RCC). The bricks pressed with (RCC) will be used in the execution of sealing masonry, aiming to provide an appropriate destination to (RCC), in order to contribute to the sustainability in construction, mitigating the problems faced by Organs environmental and social agencies. To characterize the materials, the following laboratory tests were carried out, according to the current Technical Standards: granulometric analysis, resistance to simple compression, capillarity absorption, water absorption by immersion, alkali-aggregate reaction (RAA) and pozzolanicity index. The fine aggregate was used where the percentage with mortar content (51%) was chosen, applying in the defined lines (1:7, 1:9, 1:11 and 1:20). Bricks with (RCC) were produced to be analyzed at the ages of 07, 14, 28 and 180 days. The results demonstrated that the manufacture of bricks with the residues of civil construction (RCC) and Portland cement, were satisfactory, according to the minimum values established by NBR 8492 (ABNT, 2012), fit the standard that direct the individual values = 1,7 MPa, and for the average resistance = 2 MPa, with a minimum age of seven days, to be used as sealing elements in internal walls above ground level. The values found at 7 days were: trace 1:7 value 4.25 MPa; mix 1:9 value 3.8 MPa; 1:11 trace value 2.88 MPa and 1:20 trace value 2.51 MPa. In view of the above, it is concluded that the bricks under study meet the specified Standards and at 180 days we obtained the values: trait: 1:7 value 5.50 MPa; trait 1:9 value 4.40 MPa; mix 1:11 value 3.76 MPa and mix 1:20 value 2.20 MPa. The results indicate the viability of the product in civil construction, generating employment and income, in addition to contributing to environmental impacts.
The civil construction sector causes great environmental impacts resulting from its activities, and the high generation of waste, called Civil Construction Waste (RCC), represents one of the main justifications for this statement, since they are associated with several critical and urgent problems within the urban context. Thus, the relevance of this research is justified by the reuse of this material (RCC) as an alternative to incorporate it in the manufacture of bricks, in order to minimize especially the case of construction waste in Cuiabá (MT). To make the pressed brick production feasible, Recycled Aggregates from Civil Construction (ARCC) from the concessionaire Eco Ambiental were used. Based on the information and data collected, the current legislation was studied, prioritizing the theme, with emphasis on the legal instruments stipulated for the environmental management of (RCC). The bricks pressed with (RCC) will be used in the execution of sealing masonry, aiming to provide an appropriate destination to (RCC), in order to contribute to the sustainability in construction, mitigating the problems faced by Organs environmental and social agencies. To characterize the materials, the following laboratory tests were carried out, according to the current Technical Standards: granulometric analysis, resistance to simple compression, capillarity absorption, water absorption by immersion, alkali-aggregate reaction (RAA) and pozzolanicity index. The fine aggregate was used where the percentage with mortar content (51%) was chosen, applying in the defined lines (1:7, 1:9, 1:11 and 1:20). Bricks with (RCC) were produced to be analyzed at the ages of 07, 14, 28 and 180 days. The results demonstrated that the manufacture of bricks with the residues of civil construction (RCC) and Portland cement, were satisfactory, according to the minimum values established by NBR 8492 (ABNT, 2012), fit the standard that direct the individual values = 1,7 MPa, and for the average resistance = 2 MPa, with a minimum age of seven days, to be used as sealing elements in internal walls above ground level. The values found at 7 days were: trace 1:7 value 4.25 MPa; mix 1:9 value 3.8 MPa; 1:11 trace value 2.88 MPa and 1:20 trace value 2.51 MPa. In view of the above, it is concluded that the bricks under study meet the specified Standards and at 180 days we obtained the values: trait: 1:7 value 5.50 MPa; trait 1:9 value 4.40 MPa; mix 1:11 value 3.76 MPa and mix 1:20 value 2.20 MPa. The results indicate the viability of the product in civil construction, generating employment and income, in addition to contributing to environmental impacts.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Resíduos da construção civil; Legislação Ambiental de Mato Grosso; Reciclagem; Produção de Tijolos Prensados de (RCC); Construction waste; Environmental legislation of Mato Grosso; Recycling; Production of pressed bricks from (RCC)
Citação
MORAES, Benedito Ilmar De. Produção de tijolos prensados com agregados reciclados da construção civil: estudo de caso em Cuiabá - MT. 2021. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 08 jan. 2021. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2954.