Análise da relação do binômio ambiente e atividade física à luz das distinções entre grandes e pequenos centros
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Data
2020-12
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Stülp, Simone
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Resumo
Fator de risco primário, a inatividade física configura-se como um problema de saúde em nível mundial. Ao passo em que o nível de atividade física (AF) da população vem caindo, a necessidade da mesma tem se apresentado de forma progressiva como um agente preventivo e de promoção para a saúde da mesma. Da mesma forma, o ambiente tem influência sobre os níveis de AF desta população e a condição de grandes centros urbanos pode ter distinções quando observadas cidades menores, sendo que conceitos das Smart Cities podem contribuir com novas perspectivas e ações. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a relação entre a percepção do ambiente e a prática de AF entre residentes de cidades de pequeno porte. Para tanto foram utilizados os instrumentos: IPAQ, versão curta e versão adaptada para idosos, para identificar o nível de atividade física; a adaptação da escala NEWS para avaliar a percepção do ambiente construído e apoio social para a prática física; Escala de Bem- Estar Mental de Warwick-Edinburgh (WEMWBS); Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS); Escala da Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR); Escala de Conexão com a Natureza (ECN); Escala de Motivação Esportiva (EME-BR); Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA). Como principais resultados, observou-se que a densidade, fator importante para melhores níveis de AF em grandes centros urbanos, não pode sustentar o mesmo em pequenas cidades. Da mesma forma, a percepção de acesso em cidades menores é consideravelmente inferior a grandes centros. No que diz respeito a AF em ambiente natural (AN), os residentes em pequenas cidades não percebem distinções entre AN e ambiente construído (AC) a ponto de conferir diferença significativa. Por fim, os espaços públicos de lazer na cidade de Lajeado/RS têm boa conservação e boa distribuição no município, mas não tem relação direta com melhores níveis de AF, ainda que aquela população goze de bons níveis de AF. Concluindo, entende-se que estratégias particularizadas observando a realidade de pequenos centros urbanos podem ser desenvolvidas para o aumento dos níveis de AF e consequentemente melhores condições de saúde da população, o que deve gerar mitigação dos custos de saúde e melhora nas condições do ambiente.
Primary risk factor, physical inactivity is a health problem worldwide. While the level of physical activity (PA) of the population has been decreasing, the need for it has been progressively presented as a preventive and promotion agent for the population's health. Likewise, the environment has an influence on the population's PA levels and the condition of large urban centers can be distinguished when smaller cities are observed, and concepts from Smart Cities can contribute with new perspectives and actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the perception of the environment and the practice of PA among residents of small cities. For this purpose, the following instruments were used: IPAQ, short version and long version adapted for the elderly, to identify the level of physical activity; the adaptation of the NEWS scale to assess the perception of the built environment and social support for physical practice; Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS); Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (EAR); Connection with Nature Scale (ECN); Sports Motivation Scale (EME-BR); Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA). As main results, it was observed that density, an important factor for better levels of PA in large urban centers, cannot sustain the same in small cities. Likewise, the perception of access in smaller cities is considerably lower than in large centers. With regard to PA in a natural environment (NE), residents in small towns do not perceive distinctions between AN and the built environment (BE) to the point of conferring a significant difference. Finally, public leisure spaces in the city of Lajeado/RS have good conservation and good distribution in the municipality, but have no direct relationship with better levels of PA, even though that population enjoys good levels of PA. In conclusion, it is understood that specific strategies observing the reality of small urban centers can be developed to increase the levels of PA and, consequently, better health conditions for the population, which should reduce health costs and improve environmental conditions.
Primary risk factor, physical inactivity is a health problem worldwide. While the level of physical activity (PA) of the population has been decreasing, the need for it has been progressively presented as a preventive and promotion agent for the population's health. Likewise, the environment has an influence on the population's PA levels and the condition of large urban centers can be distinguished when smaller cities are observed, and concepts from Smart Cities can contribute with new perspectives and actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the perception of the environment and the practice of PA among residents of small cities. For this purpose, the following instruments were used: IPAQ, short version and long version adapted for the elderly, to identify the level of physical activity; the adaptation of the NEWS scale to assess the perception of the built environment and social support for physical practice; Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS); Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (EAR); Connection with Nature Scale (ECN); Sports Motivation Scale (EME-BR); Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA). As main results, it was observed that density, an important factor for better levels of PA in large urban centers, cannot sustain the same in small cities. Likewise, the perception of access in smaller cities is considerably lower than in large centers. With regard to PA in a natural environment (NE), residents in small towns do not perceive distinctions between AN and the built environment (BE) to the point of conferring a significant difference. Finally, public leisure spaces in the city of Lajeado/RS have good conservation and good distribution in the municipality, but have no direct relationship with better levels of PA, even though that population enjoys good levels of PA. In conclusion, it is understood that specific strategies observing the reality of small urban centers can be developed to increase the levels of PA and, consequently, better health conditions for the population, which should reduce health costs and improve environmental conditions.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Atividade física; Ambiente; Smart Cities; Saúde; Physical activity; Environment; Health
Citação
ROSA, Leonardo De Ross. Análise da relação do binômio ambiente e atividade física à luz das distinções entre grandes e pequenos centros. 2021. Tese (Doutorado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 14 jan. 2021. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2979.