A United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) e o seu papel: questões conceituais acerca da segurança, da securitização e da politização
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Data
2014-12
Autores
Orientador
Suano, Marcelo José Ferraz
Banca
Suano, Marcelo José Ferraz
Bizarria, Maria Teresa Braga
Dalmáz, Mateus
Título do periódico
ISSN
Título do Volume
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Resumo
A segurança ambiental é um assunto que vem recebendo crescente atenção dentro dos estudos de Relações Internacionais. O assunto nasceu em meados dos anos 1960 e vem sendo tratado de maneira cada vez mais frequente até hoje. Um dos assuntos de segurança ambiental mais relevante, devido à sua presença no cenário internacional, é a mudança climática. Dentro da segurança ambiental há uma multiplicidade de atores e um que se destaca devido à sua abrangência é a United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, órgão ligado diretamente à Organização das Nações Unidas e que possui um enfoque na mudança climática – mudança esta que possui um caráter abrangente inerente. O propósito desta monografia é analisar a posição e o papel que a UNFCCC possui no sistema internacional e na segurança ambiental. O método utilizado é qualitativo e, através de uma análise construtivista e de discurso, este trabalho irá analisar: a UNFCCC e sua importância para a segurança ambiental; como a UNFCCC persuade seus signatários a agir em prol dos seus objetivos e; ainda, irá analisar a eficiência da UNFCCC através de uma análise do sistema internacional, para denotar quais os principais problemas de adoção das propostas pela convenção. Desta maneira, observou-se que a UNFCCC é uma medida de politização cuja eficácia é freada pelo fato de que a adoção de todas medidas propostas vulnerabilizaria os atores, mas possui um papel fundamental tanto na conscientização e informação dos seus atores signatários, quanto dos atores não-signatários(indivíduos ou grupos ambientalistas). Uma maneira com a qual a UNFCCC poderia tornar a sua ação mais eficaz é se utilizar do discurso de securitização, fazendo com que os atores deixassem de hesitar e se contrabalancearem no definir e adotar medidas.
Environmental security is a subject that has been receiving growing attention inside the International Relations studies. The subject was born in the beginning of the 1960s and has been treated with increasing frequency up until today. One of the most relevant topics in environmental security, due to its presence inside the international scenario, is climate change. Inside environmental security there is an actor multiplicity and one actor that highlights itself because of its coverage is the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, a body directly connected to the United Nations which possesses a focus on climate change – being climate change a topic which has an inherent embracing character. The purpose of this monography is to analyze the position and role that the UNFCCC has inside the international system and inside environmental security. The method under use is qualitative and, through a constructivist analysis and also a discourse analysis, this paper will analyze: the UNFCCC and its importance to environmental security; how the UNFCCC persuades its Parties to act towards its objectives and; the efficiency of the UNFCCC - through an international system analysis to denote which are the main measure adoption problems presented by the convention. In this way, it was observed that the UNFCCC is a politicization measure and its efficiency is slowed by the fact that the adoption of the proposed measures would make the actors vulnerable, but it has a fundamental role on both informing and raising the conscience of its parties and, also, other actors(such as individuals or environmental groups). One way that could make the UNFCCC more efficient is the use of securitization discourse, making its parties stop hesitating and counterbalancing each other on the defining and adopting of measures.
Environmental security is a subject that has been receiving growing attention inside the International Relations studies. The subject was born in the beginning of the 1960s and has been treated with increasing frequency up until today. One of the most relevant topics in environmental security, due to its presence inside the international scenario, is climate change. Inside environmental security there is an actor multiplicity and one actor that highlights itself because of its coverage is the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, a body directly connected to the United Nations which possesses a focus on climate change – being climate change a topic which has an inherent embracing character. The purpose of this monography is to analyze the position and role that the UNFCCC has inside the international system and inside environmental security. The method under use is qualitative and, through a constructivist analysis and also a discourse analysis, this paper will analyze: the UNFCCC and its importance to environmental security; how the UNFCCC persuades its Parties to act towards its objectives and; the efficiency of the UNFCCC - through an international system analysis to denote which are the main measure adoption problems presented by the convention. In this way, it was observed that the UNFCCC is a politicization measure and its efficiency is slowed by the fact that the adoption of the proposed measures would make the actors vulnerable, but it has a fundamental role on both informing and raising the conscience of its parties and, also, other actors(such as individuals or environmental groups). One way that could make the UNFCCC more efficient is the use of securitization discourse, making its parties stop hesitating and counterbalancing each other on the defining and adopting of measures.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Segurança ambiental; Politização; Segurança; Securitização
Citação
BERTRAM, Samuel Priebe. A United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) e o seu papel: questões conceituais acerca da segurança, da securitização e da politização. 2014. Monografia (Graduação em Relações Internacionais) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, dez. 2014. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/756.