Interculturalidade enquanto prática social e política pública no direito previdenciário em relação aos indígenas em contextos urbanos: os casos das aldeias Kaingang Fosá e Jamã Tÿ Tãnh, Vale do Taquari/RS
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Data
2022-12
Autores
Orientador
Laroque, Luís Fernando da Silva
Banca
Moura Filho, José Luiz De
Rosa, Rogério Reus Gonçalves Da
Machado, Neli Teresinha Galarce
Título do periódico
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Resumo
As normas jurídicas brasileiras foram construídas com base na matriz colonial, ainda presente na sociedade de modo que a interculturalidade consiste em uma proposta de processo e projeto social, político, ético e epistêmico que visa abrir novos caminhos que confrontam esses aspectos coloniais, atingindo, especialmente, as populações tradicionais. O Brasil, no período vigente, conta com 896 mil indígenas, dos quais 572 mil são moradores de áreas rurais e 324 mil vivem em áreas urbanas. A presente pesquisa versa acerca da etnia Kaingang, distribuída em quatro estados brasileiros: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná e São Paulo. Trata-se de um dos grupos indígenas mais populosos do Brasil, correspondendo a 39 mil pessoas, aproximadamente. O objetivo da presente investigação é compreender quais as práticas sociais e políticas públicas da interculturalidade que são utilizadas no Direito Previdenciário em relação aos indígenas em contextos urbanos, no caso dos Kaingang das aldeias Fosá e Jamã Tÿ Tãnh, localizadas, respectivamente, nos municípios de Lajeado e Estrela, Rio Grande do Sul. Com vista a demonstrar a rigidez e burocratização do Direito, sobretudo, o Previdenciário, e a necessidade da aplicação da interculturalidade enquanto prática social e política pública, foram utilizados, além de observações em campo, relatos de experiência acerca do acesso à Previdência Social de sete indígenas da comunidade Jamã Tÿ Tãnh; e sete indígenas da Fosá, além de entrevista com um Procurador da República, representante do Ministério Público Federal, e um Procurador Federal, representante do INSS. Adotou-se o método de estudo de caso, sendo a pesquisa do tipo qualitativa, cujos instrumentos técnicos foram a pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, observações registradas em diários de campo e história oral por meio de entrevistas. Conclui-se que a interculturalidade, enquanto prática social e política pública, busca confrontar a matriz da colonialidade presente nas normas do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, que dificulta o acesso aos benefícios da Previdência Social, especialmente, quando se trata de populações indígenas, conforme foi o caso da realidade dos Kaingang investigados.
Brazilian legal norms were built on the basis of the colonial matrix, still present in society, so that interculturality consists of a proposal for a social, political, ethical and epistemic process and project that aims to open new paths that confront these colonial aspects, reaching, especially the traditional populations. Brazil, in the current period, has 896 thousand indigenous people, of which 572 thousand live in rural areas and 324 thousand live in urban areas. The present research deals with the Kaingang ethnicity, distributed in four Brazilian states: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and São Paulo. It is one of the most populous indigenous groups in Brazil, corresponding to approximately 39 thousand people. The objective of the present investigation is to understand the social practices and public policies of interculturality that are used in Social Security Law in relation to indigenous people in urban contexts, in the case of the Kaingang of the villages Fosá and Jamã Tÿ Tãnh, located, respectively, in the municipalities of Lajeado. and Estrela, Rio Grande do Sul. In order to demonstrate the rigidity and bureaucratization of Law, especially Social Security, and the need to apply interculturality as a social practice and public policy, in addition to field observations, experience reports on access to Social Security for seven indigenous people of the Jamã Tÿ Tãnh community; and seven indigenous people from Fosá, in addition to an interview with a Federal Prosecutor, representing the Federal Public Ministry, and a Federal Prosecutor, representing the INSS. The case study method was adopted, being the research of the qualitative type, whose technical instruments were the bibliographic and documentary research, observations recorded in field diaries and oral history through interviews. It is concluded that interculturality, as a social practice and public policy, seeks to confront the matrix of coloniality present in the norms of the Brazilian legal system, which makes it difficult to access Social Security benefits, especially when it comesto indigenous populations, as was the case with case of the investigated Kaingang reality.
Brazilian legal norms were built on the basis of the colonial matrix, still present in society, so that interculturality consists of a proposal for a social, political, ethical and epistemic process and project that aims to open new paths that confront these colonial aspects, reaching, especially the traditional populations. Brazil, in the current period, has 896 thousand indigenous people, of which 572 thousand live in rural areas and 324 thousand live in urban areas. The present research deals with the Kaingang ethnicity, distributed in four Brazilian states: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and São Paulo. It is one of the most populous indigenous groups in Brazil, corresponding to approximately 39 thousand people. The objective of the present investigation is to understand the social practices and public policies of interculturality that are used in Social Security Law in relation to indigenous people in urban contexts, in the case of the Kaingang of the villages Fosá and Jamã Tÿ Tãnh, located, respectively, in the municipalities of Lajeado. and Estrela, Rio Grande do Sul. In order to demonstrate the rigidity and bureaucratization of Law, especially Social Security, and the need to apply interculturality as a social practice and public policy, in addition to field observations, experience reports on access to Social Security for seven indigenous people of the Jamã Tÿ Tãnh community; and seven indigenous people from Fosá, in addition to an interview with a Federal Prosecutor, representing the Federal Public Ministry, and a Federal Prosecutor, representing the INSS. The case study method was adopted, being the research of the qualitative type, whose technical instruments were the bibliographic and documentary research, observations recorded in field diaries and oral history through interviews. It is concluded that interculturality, as a social practice and public policy, seeks to confront the matrix of coloniality present in the norms of the Brazilian legal system, which makes it difficult to access Social Security benefits, especially when it comesto indigenous populations, as was the case with case of the investigated Kaingang reality.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desenvolvimento e ambiente; Direito Previdenciário; Interculturalidade; Indígenas; Kaingang; Development and environment; Social Security Law; Interculturality; Indigenous
Citação
SILVA, Débora Pires Medeiros Da. Interculturalidade enquanto prática social e política pública no direito previdenciário em relação aos indígenas em contextos urbanos: os casos das aldeias Kaingang Fosá e Jamã Tÿ Tãnh, Vale do Taquari/RS. 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 20 dez. 2022. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/3496.