Ecosofia: uma sabedoria do viver
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Data
2023-10
Autores
Orientador
Mazzarino, Jane Márcia
Banca
Figueiredo, Aida
Santos, José Guilherme Wady
Henning, Paula Corrêa
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Resumo
A contemporaneidade traz problemáticas complexas e diversas, ganhando destaque nas últimas décadas aquelas voltadas às questões socioambientais. Pode-se dizer que se vivencia uma crise ambiental atrelada às mudanças climáticas, advinda principalmente do antropocentrismo e da racionalidade moderna e econômica de cunho capitalista. O contexto de crise cobra algumas ações e neste sentido, emerge, nas últimas décadas, a área de pesquisa e de atuação das Ciências Ambientais. É nela que se insere o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente e Desenvolvimento (PPGAD), da Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, o qual engloba temáticas socioambientais com abordagem interdisciplinar. A área das Ciências Ambientais e o PPGAD trazem em seus escopos, possibilidades científicas múltiplas que tangenciam as relações entre sociedade e natureza. Nos seus horizontes, visualizam-se diversas propostas e, no caso desta pesquisa, ganha relevância e força a ecosofia, um conceito que se refere à sabedoria ecológica da casa, sensível para com as relações entre sociedade e natureza que estejam atentas à conquista de equilíbrios e harmonias entre os diferentes seres e ecossistemas. Desta forma, problematiza-se: em um cenário de crise ambiental, como enfrentar as problemáticas existenciais a partir das contribuições que a perspectiva ecosófica pode oferecer para a construção de novos territórios existenciais? A partir de tal questionamento, tem-se por objetivo principal de pesquisa mapear reflexões teórico-metodológicas para gerar movimentos inventivos no campo das Ciências Ambientais a partir da perspectiva ecosófica. A fim de alcançar tal objetivo, utiliza-se a metodologia qualitativa, tendo-se como procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise integrativa. Os resultados obtidos a partir da análise integrativa demonstram que a ecosofia possui diferentes abordagens. Além disso, esta análise levou à evidência que três autores balizam o conceito: Arne Naess, Félix Guattari e Michel Maffesoli. Estes autores possibilitam uma compreensão profunda do conceito. O mapeamento realizado construiu um terreno fértil para interlocução com outros conceitos e práticas, do que emergiu uma ecosofia artesanal como contribuição para as Ciências Ambientais. O trajeto foi composto por um olhar para o panorama atual, que traz temas emergentes dos quais as Ciências Ambientais não podem se colocar à margem. Observamos onde estamos e os indicativos e para onde vamos, propondo, por fim, linhas transversais para uma epistemologia ecosófica nas Ciências Ambientais. Imagine que nossa caminhada inicia por Gaia, perpassa tempo, espaço, lugar, território, técnica e tecnologia, adentrando a eletrificação dessas relações entre humano e meio a partir do ciberespaço e do ciborgue, chegando até o Antropoceno. Eis alguns caracteres do lugar onde estamos, porém, a proposta desta tese é repensar futuros, sendo assim, ao se abordar sobre para onde se deseja ir, abordam-se possíveis decrescimentos, decolonialidades, visões ecossistêmicas e o bem viver, para propor, quatro linhas transversais para uma epistemologia ecosófica nas Ciências Ambientais: a) Inventividade; b) Organicidade; c) Afetividade; d) Ativismo. Estas linhas refletem sobre como o campo das Ciências Ambientais pode atualizar seus modos de fazer incorporando diferentes saberes, experiências e práxis para atualizar-se em relação aos problemas e aos paradigmas científicos do nosso tempo-espaço planetário. A pesquisa demonstra que a ecosofia é polissêmica, complexa e capaz de gerar movimentos inovadores na área das Ciências Ambientais. A ecosofia, com sua proposta, potencializa reflexões e atuações que tangenciam mudanças transpessoais, intra/intergrupais, ambientais e científicas em diferentes escalas. Dessa forma, além de ser uma possibilidade para reinvenção individual e coletiva nas relações com a natureza, também possibilita o alcance dos diferentes Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODSs), propostos pela Organização das Nações Unidas. Os ODSs, analisados em uma perspectiva ecosófica, estariam sintetizados em um: cuidado incondicional com a vida em todas as suas formas. Por fim, esta tese deixa o convite para que todos possam ecoso-fiar-se.
Contemporary times bring complex and diverse problems, with those focused on socio-environmental issues gaining prominence in recent decades. It can be said that we are experiencing an environmental crisis linked to climate change, arising mainly from anthropocentrism and modern and economic rationality of a capitalist nature. The context of crisis demands some actions and in this sense, the area of research and activity of Environmental Sciences has emerged in recent decades. This is where the Postgraduate Program in Environment and Development (PPGAD), at the Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, is inserted, which encompasses socio-environmental themes with an interdisciplinary approach. The area of Environmental Sciences and PPGAD bring into their scope multiple scientific possibilities that touch on the relationships between society and nature. On its horizons, several proposals can be seen and, in the case of this research, ecosophy gains relevance and strength, a concept that refers to the ecological wisdom of the house, sensitive to the relationships between society and nature that are attentive to achieving balance and harmonies between different beings and ecosystems. In this way, the question arises: in a scenario of environmental crisis, how to face existential problems based on the contributions that the ecosophical perspective can offer for the construction of new existential territories? Based on such questioning, the main research objective is to map theoretical-methodological reflections to generate inventive movements in the field of Environmental Sciences from an ecosophical perspective. In order to achieve this objective, qualitative methodology is used, with bibliographic research and integrative analysis as methodological procedures. The results obtained from the integrative analysis demonstrate that ecosophy has different approaches. Furthermore, this analysis led to evidence that three authors support the concept: Arne Naess, Félix Guattari and Michel Maffesoli. These authors provide a deep understanding of the concept. The mapping carried out built fertile ground for dialogue with other concepts and practices, from which an artisanal ecosophy emerged as a contribution to Environmental Sciences. The journey was made up of a look at the current panorama, which brings emerging themes from which Environmental Sciences cannot be left aside. We observe where we are and the indications and where we are going, finally proposing transversal lines for an ecosophical epistemology in Environmental Sciences. Imagine that our journey begins with Gaia, traversing time, space, place, territory, technique and technology, entering the electrification of these relationships between human and environment from cyberspace and the cyborg, reaching the Anthropocene. Here are some characteristics of the place where we are, however, the proposal of this thesis is to rethink futures, therefore, when addressing where we want to go, possible degrowth, decolonialities, ecosystemic visions and good living are addressed, to propose four transversal lines for an ecosophic epistemology in Environmental Sciences: a) Inventiveness; b) Organicity; c) Affection; d) Activism. These lines reflect on how the field of Environmental Sciences can update its ways of doing things by incorporating different knowledge, experiences and praxis to update itself in relation to the problems and scientific paradigms of our planetary time-space. The research demonstrates that ecosophy is polysemic, complex and capable of generating innovative movements in the area of Environmental Sciences. Ecosophy, with its proposal, enhances reflections and actions that touch on transpersonal, intra/intergroup, environmental and scientific changes on different scales. In this way, in addition to being a possibility for individual and collective reinvention in relationships with nature, it also makes it possible to achieve the different Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), proposed by the United Nations. The SDGs, analyzed from an ecosophical perspective, would be summarized in one: unconditional care for life in all its forms. Finally, this thesis invites everyone to join in.
Contemporary times bring complex and diverse problems, with those focused on socio-environmental issues gaining prominence in recent decades. It can be said that we are experiencing an environmental crisis linked to climate change, arising mainly from anthropocentrism and modern and economic rationality of a capitalist nature. The context of crisis demands some actions and in this sense, the area of research and activity of Environmental Sciences has emerged in recent decades. This is where the Postgraduate Program in Environment and Development (PPGAD), at the Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, is inserted, which encompasses socio-environmental themes with an interdisciplinary approach. The area of Environmental Sciences and PPGAD bring into their scope multiple scientific possibilities that touch on the relationships between society and nature. On its horizons, several proposals can be seen and, in the case of this research, ecosophy gains relevance and strength, a concept that refers to the ecological wisdom of the house, sensitive to the relationships between society and nature that are attentive to achieving balance and harmonies between different beings and ecosystems. In this way, the question arises: in a scenario of environmental crisis, how to face existential problems based on the contributions that the ecosophical perspective can offer for the construction of new existential territories? Based on such questioning, the main research objective is to map theoretical-methodological reflections to generate inventive movements in the field of Environmental Sciences from an ecosophical perspective. In order to achieve this objective, qualitative methodology is used, with bibliographic research and integrative analysis as methodological procedures. The results obtained from the integrative analysis demonstrate that ecosophy has different approaches. Furthermore, this analysis led to evidence that three authors support the concept: Arne Naess, Félix Guattari and Michel Maffesoli. These authors provide a deep understanding of the concept. The mapping carried out built fertile ground for dialogue with other concepts and practices, from which an artisanal ecosophy emerged as a contribution to Environmental Sciences. The journey was made up of a look at the current panorama, which brings emerging themes from which Environmental Sciences cannot be left aside. We observe where we are and the indications and where we are going, finally proposing transversal lines for an ecosophical epistemology in Environmental Sciences. Imagine that our journey begins with Gaia, traversing time, space, place, territory, technique and technology, entering the electrification of these relationships between human and environment from cyberspace and the cyborg, reaching the Anthropocene. Here are some characteristics of the place where we are, however, the proposal of this thesis is to rethink futures, therefore, when addressing where we want to go, possible degrowth, decolonialities, ecosystemic visions and good living are addressed, to propose four transversal lines for an ecosophic epistemology in Environmental Sciences: a) Inventiveness; b) Organicity; c) Affection; d) Activism. These lines reflect on how the field of Environmental Sciences can update its ways of doing things by incorporating different knowledge, experiences and praxis to update itself in relation to the problems and scientific paradigms of our planetary time-space. The research demonstrates that ecosophy is polysemic, complex and capable of generating innovative movements in the area of Environmental Sciences. Ecosophy, with its proposal, enhances reflections and actions that touch on transpersonal, intra/intergroup, environmental and scientific changes on different scales. In this way, in addition to being a possibility for individual and collective reinvention in relationships with nature, it also makes it possible to achieve the different Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), proposed by the United Nations. The SDGs, analyzed from an ecosophical perspective, would be summarized in one: unconditional care for life in all its forms. Finally, this thesis invites everyone to join in.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ecosofia; Ciências Ambientais; análise integrativa; movimentos inventivos; Artesanal; Ecosophy; Environmental Sciences; integrative analysis; inventive movements; artisanal
Citação
MARQUES, Rodrigo Müller. Ecosofia: uma sabedoria do viver. 2023. Tese (Doutorado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 06 nov. 2023. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/3963.