A saúde bucal das pessoas com deficiência em Lajeado/RS: um levantamento de dados sobre os usuários com deficiência na atenção especializada
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Data
2021-06
Autores
Orientador
Rados, Andreas Rucks Varvaki
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Resumo
O cuidado em saúde para a pessoa com deficiência - PcD sempre foi motivo de discussão. Isso porque, diante da insuficiência da ação do Estado brasileiro, e antes mesmo da existência do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS, a sociedade civil, ao menos em parte, assumiu os cuidados em saúde da população com deficiência, por meio de: movimentos sociais de deficientes; associações de amigos e parentes; e, também, pela ação de entidades filantrópicas, religiosas e/ou de mercado. Ao longo de décadas, algumas dessas iniciativas foram de extrema qualidade e se tornaram referências na assistência à saúde de determinadas deficiências. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil das pessoas com deficiência atendidos pela Especialidade Paciente com Necessidade Especial - PNE, além dos tratamentos realizados por esses usuários no Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas - CEO do Município de Lajeado, no Rio Grande do Sul - RS, a fim de melhor conhecer a realidade de saúde dessa população. Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal descritivo, com prontuários dos pacientes com deficiência que realizaram atendimentos odontológicos pela Especialidade PNE (n=96), no Município durante os anos de 2018 a 2020. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva dos dados obtidos. Nas características sócio demográficas, observou-se que 70% da população analisada foi composta por homens, 92% são brancos, 84% são solteiros, a maioria criança ou adulto jovem (64%); 34% não possui nenhum grau de instrução; 70% residem com familiares sem companheiro(a); 59% não trabalham e 71% não possuem plano de saúde privado. Ao analisar as características da deficiência, 81% têm deficiência intelectual/cognitiva e mais de 60% da amostra possui apenas um tipo de deficiência. Nas características dos tratamentos odontológicos, as intervenções exclusivamente preventivas foram as mais realizadas pela especialidade PNE com (36%). 26% (n=25) necessitaram de encaminhamento para atendimento na Atenção Terciária; e dos usuários que tiveram o encaminhamento para atendimento hospitalar, 88% (n=21) não constam registro de atendimento odontológico após esse encaminhamento. Muitos procedimentos realizados no CEO poderiam ser conduzidos pela Atenção Primária de Saúde - APS, facilitando o deslocamento dos usuários e aumentando a resolutividade da APS. A falta de registro também deve ser trabalhada em todos os níveis de atenção, para o atendimento integral e longitudinal das PcD.
Health care for people with disabilities - PwD has always been a matter of discussion. This is due to the insufficient action of different administrations, and comes even before the existence of the Unified Health System - UHS. Civil society organizations, at least in part, took over the health care of the disabled population, through: social movements; associations of friends and relatives; and also by the action of philanthropic and religious entities. Over the decades, some of these initiatives have been of extreme quality and became reference in health care for certain disabilities. This study aimed to identify the profile of people with disabilities attended by the Special Needs Patient - SNP, as well as the treatments these users recieved in the Center for Dental Specialties - CDS in the city of Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul - RS, in order to better understand the health conditions of this population. This is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study, gathered from medical records of patients with disabilities who underwent dental care by the SNP Specialty (n=96), in the municipality during the years 2018 to 2020. A descriptive analysis of the data obtained was performed. In the socio-demographic characteristics, it was observed that 70% of the population analyzed was composed of men, 92% are white, 84% are single, mostly children or young adults (64%); 34% had no degree of education; 70% reside with relatives without a partner; 59% do not work and 71% have no private health insurance. When analyzing the characteristics of disability, 81% have intellectual/cognitive disabilities and more than 60% of the sample has only one type of disability. In the characteristics of dental treatments, exclusively preventive interventions (36%) were the most performed by the specialty SNP. 26% (n=25) required referral to tertiary care; and the users who were referred to hospital care, 88% (n=21) had no record of dental care after referral. Many procedures carried out in the CDS could be conducted by Primary Health Care - PHC, facilitating the access to oral health care of users and increasing the resolutivity of PHC. The lack of registration should also be worked in all levels of attention, for the comprehensive and longitudinal care of PcD.
Health care for people with disabilities - PwD has always been a matter of discussion. This is due to the insufficient action of different administrations, and comes even before the existence of the Unified Health System - UHS. Civil society organizations, at least in part, took over the health care of the disabled population, through: social movements; associations of friends and relatives; and also by the action of philanthropic and religious entities. Over the decades, some of these initiatives have been of extreme quality and became reference in health care for certain disabilities. This study aimed to identify the profile of people with disabilities attended by the Special Needs Patient - SNP, as well as the treatments these users recieved in the Center for Dental Specialties - CDS in the city of Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul - RS, in order to better understand the health conditions of this population. This is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study, gathered from medical records of patients with disabilities who underwent dental care by the SNP Specialty (n=96), in the municipality during the years 2018 to 2020. A descriptive analysis of the data obtained was performed. In the socio-demographic characteristics, it was observed that 70% of the population analyzed was composed of men, 92% are white, 84% are single, mostly children or young adults (64%); 34% had no degree of education; 70% reside with relatives without a partner; 59% do not work and 71% have no private health insurance. When analyzing the characteristics of disability, 81% have intellectual/cognitive disabilities and more than 60% of the sample has only one type of disability. In the characteristics of dental treatments, exclusively preventive interventions (36%) were the most performed by the specialty SNP. 26% (n=25) required referral to tertiary care; and the users who were referred to hospital care, 88% (n=21) had no record of dental care after referral. Many procedures carried out in the CDS could be conducted by Primary Health Care - PHC, facilitating the access to oral health care of users and increasing the resolutivity of PHC. The lack of registration should also be worked in all levels of attention, for the comprehensive and longitudinal care of PcD.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Perfil; Pacientes com deficiência; Assistência odontológica para pessoas com deficiências; Profile; Disabled patients; Dental care for people with disabilities
Citação
SAGRILO, Carine Cadó. A saúde bucal das pessoas com deficiência em Lajeado/RS: um levantamento de dados sobre os usuários com deficiência na atenção especializada. 2021. Monografia (Graduação em Odontologia) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 23 jun. 2021. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/3221.