Projeto de uma planta de recuperação de solventes residuais do processo de impressão flexográfica em uma indústria de embalagens plásticas flexíveis
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Data
2023-07
Autores
Orientador
Catto, André Luis
Banca
Borsoi, Cleide
Reisdorfer, Gustavo
Título do periódico
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Título do Volume
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Resumo
O processo de impressão flexográfica utiliza, em sua maioria, tinta à base de solventes orgânicos, que são evaporados nas máquinas impressoras e emitidos na atmosfera. A emissão de compostos orgânicos voláteis na atmosfera ainda não é delimitada pela legislação brasileira, porém sabe-se que a emissão destes compostos é prejudicial à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente, além de representar um desperdício de matériaprima. Poucas indústrias fazem a recuperação e reaproveitamento dos solventes evaporados, devido ao alto custo para instalação de equipamentos adequados, porém em indústrias com alto volume de consumo de solventes, a recuperação e reutilização pode-se tornar um processo lucrativo. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi projetar uma planta de recuperação de solventes, compostos por etanol, n-propanol, acetato n-propila e propilglicol, provenientes do processo de impressão flexográfica em uma indústria de embalagens flexíveis. Para isso, foi realizado o dimensionamento de um sistema de ventilação local exaustora para captação dos solventes evaporados e colunas de adsorção que irão reter o solvente presente na corrente de ar, oriunda do sistema de secagem das impressoras flexográficas. Posteriormente, foi realizada a simulação da etapa de destilação para separação dos compostos que compõe o solvente, no software Aspen Plus, utilizando diferentes parâmetros de operação. Os resultados mostraram que a vazão de solvente evaporado, no setor de impressão flexográfica da empresa, pode chegar a 78 kg/h, e a cada ciclo de 6 horas, pode-se adsorver 468 kg de solventes oriundos de uma corrente de ar com vazão de 13,34 m³/s, em um leito de carvão ativado, de 0,29 m de altura e 5,82 m de diâmetro, e que apesar dos compostos formarem misturas azeotrópicas nas condições de operação das colunas destilação, obteve-se n-propanol e etanol com pureza de 99%, a partir da especificação de eficiência de vaporização por componente, nas colunas 1 e 2 da simulação realizada, acarretando no aumento de temperatura dos refervedores nas colunas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o solvente recuperado possui alta pureza e pode ser reutilizado no processo de impressão da empresa em estudo.
The flexographic printing process uses, for the most part, ink based on organic solvents, which are evaporated in printing machines and emitted into the atmosphere. The emission of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere is not yet delimited by Brazilian legislation, but it is known that the emission of these compounds is harmful to human health and the environment, in addition to representing a waste of raw material. Few industries recover and reuse evaporated solvents, due to the high cost of installing adequate equipment, but in industries with a high volume of solvent consumption, recovery and reuse can become a profitable process. In this context, the objective of this work was to design a solvent recovery plant, composed of ethanol, n-propanol, n-propyl acetate and propylglycol, from the flexographic printing process in a flexible packaging industry. For this, a local exhaust ventilation system was designed to capture evaporated solvents and adsorption columns that will retain the solvent present in the air stream, originating from the drying system of flexographic printers. Subsequently, a simulation of the distillation step to separate the compounds that make up the solvent was carried out in the Aspen Plus software, using different operating parameters. The results showed that the evaporated solvent flow, in the company's flexographic printing sector, can reach 78 kg/h, and at each 6-hour cycle, 468 kg of solvents can be adsorbed from an air current with flow of 13.34 m³/s, in an activated carbon bed, 0.29 m high and 5.82 m in diameter, and that although the compounds form azeotropic mixtures under the operating conditions of the distillation columns, n-propanol and ethanol were obtained with a purity of 99%, through the specification of the vaporization efficiency per component, in columns 1 and 2 of the simulation carried, which led to an increase in the temperature of the reboilers in the columns. The results obtained demonstrate that the recovered solvent has a high degree of purity and can be reused in the printing process of the company under study.
The flexographic printing process uses, for the most part, ink based on organic solvents, which are evaporated in printing machines and emitted into the atmosphere. The emission of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere is not yet delimited by Brazilian legislation, but it is known that the emission of these compounds is harmful to human health and the environment, in addition to representing a waste of raw material. Few industries recover and reuse evaporated solvents, due to the high cost of installing adequate equipment, but in industries with a high volume of solvent consumption, recovery and reuse can become a profitable process. In this context, the objective of this work was to design a solvent recovery plant, composed of ethanol, n-propanol, n-propyl acetate and propylglycol, from the flexographic printing process in a flexible packaging industry. For this, a local exhaust ventilation system was designed to capture evaporated solvents and adsorption columns that will retain the solvent present in the air stream, originating from the drying system of flexographic printers. Subsequently, a simulation of the distillation step to separate the compounds that make up the solvent was carried out in the Aspen Plus software, using different operating parameters. The results showed that the evaporated solvent flow, in the company's flexographic printing sector, can reach 78 kg/h, and at each 6-hour cycle, 468 kg of solvents can be adsorbed from an air current with flow of 13.34 m³/s, in an activated carbon bed, 0.29 m high and 5.82 m in diameter, and that although the compounds form azeotropic mixtures under the operating conditions of the distillation columns, n-propanol and ethanol were obtained with a purity of 99%, through the specification of the vaporization efficiency per component, in columns 1 and 2 of the simulation carried, which led to an increase in the temperature of the reboilers in the columns. The results obtained demonstrate that the recovered solvent has a high degree of purity and can be reused in the printing process of the company under study.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
solventes orgânicos; impressão flexográfica; recuperação; mistura de solventes; adsorção; organic solvents; flexographic printing; flexographic printing; solvent mixing; adsorption
Citação
SOUZA, Juliana Magalhães De. PROJETO DE UMA PLANTA DE RECUPERAÇÃO DE SOLVENTES RESIDUAIS DO PROCESSO DE IMPRESSÃO FLEXOGRÁFICA EM UMA INDÚSTRIA DE EMBALAGENS PLÁSTICAS FLEXÍVEIS. 2023. Monografia (Graduação em Engenharia Química) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 05 jul. 2023. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/3791.