Prospecção do potencial energético para produção de biogás a partir do Capim-Elefante BRS Capiaçu (Pennisetum purpureum Schum)
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Data
2023-07-06
Autores
Orientador
Lehn, Daniel Neutzling
Banca
Catto, André Luis
Konrad, Odorico
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Resumo
Com o crescimento contínuo da população mundial e o consequente aumento na demanda de energia, houve uma pressão pela maior oferta de energia. Além disso, o aquecimento global e a degradação do meio ambiente tornaram essencial a busca por fontes energéticas renováveis. O presente trabalho avaliou o potencial de geração de biogás a partir da digestão anaeróbia de mistura de capim-elefante BRS Capiaçu Pennisetum purpureum Schum, proveniente de propriedade da cidade de Estrela/RS, com dejetos suínos da região do Vale do Taquari nas instalações do Tecnovates na cidade de Lajeado/RS. Essa pesquisa é justificada pela representatividade da agropecuária no contexto econômico nacional e regional, bem como o aproveitamento de fontes como o capim-elefante BRS Capiaçu e a destinação de dejetos suínos com a sua transformação em biogás. Foi realizada a caracterização dos substratos com medições de pH, teores de sólidos totais (ST), sólidos voláteis (SV) e sólidos fixos (SF). Após a caracterização, foi feita a inoculação das amostras de dejeto suíno, capim elefante, e da mistura na proporção 1:1 de capim-elefante:dejetos suínos e conduzida a co-biodigestão anaeróbia no Sistema Automatizado de Medição de Biogás, sob condições controladas (27 ᣞC) sendo avaliado o Potencial Bioquímico de Produção de Metano (PBM) e o Potencial Bioquímico de Produção de Biogás (PBB) das amostras, em dois experimentos, com materiais de coletas distintas, com amostras de capim de dois diferentes estágios de maturação. Obteve-se um PBM e PBB da mistura dos substratos de 192,80 mL/g SV e 652,55 mL/g SV no experimento I. No experimento II obteve-se o PBM e o PBB da mistura de 369,93 mL/g SV e 703,86 mL/g SV. Por fim, após a análise dos resultados, conclui-se que há um alto potencial energético de geração de biogás na mistura entre os substratos de capim-elefante BRS Capiaçu de menor maturação e dejeto suíno.
With the continuous growth of the world population and the consequent increase in energy demand, there was a pressure for a greater supply of energy. In addition, global warming and environmental degradation have made the search for renewable energy sources essential. The present work evaluated the potential for biogas generation from the anaerobic digestion of a mixture of elephant grass BRS Capiaçu Pennisetum purpureum Schum, from property in the city of Estrela/RS, with swine manure from the Vale do Taquari region at Tecnovates facilities. in the city of Lajeado/RS. This research is justified by the representativeness of agriculture in the national and regional economic context, as well as the use of sources such as elephant grass BRS Capiaçu and the destination of swine manure with its transformation into biogas. The characterization of the substrates was carried out with measurements of pH, total solids (ST), volatile solids (SV) and fixed solids (SF). After the characterization, samples of swine manure, elephant grass, and the mixture in the proportion of elephant grass: swine 1:1 were inoculated and anaerobic co-biodigestion was conducted in the Automated Biogas Measurement System, under controlled conditions (27 ᣞC) being evaluated the Biochemical Potential of Methane Production (PBM) and the Biochemical Potential of Biogas Production (PBB) of the samples, in two experiments, with materials from different collections, with samples of grass from two different stages of maturation . A PBM and PBB was obtained from the substrate mixture of 192.80 mL/g SV and 652.55 mL/g SV in experiment I. In experiment II, PBM and PBB were obtained from the mixture of 369.93 mL/g g SV and 703.86 mL/g SV. Finally, after analyzing the results, it is concluded that there is a high energy potential for biogas generation in the mixture between substrates of less mature BRS Capiaçu elephant grass and swine manure.
With the continuous growth of the world population and the consequent increase in energy demand, there was a pressure for a greater supply of energy. In addition, global warming and environmental degradation have made the search for renewable energy sources essential. The present work evaluated the potential for biogas generation from the anaerobic digestion of a mixture of elephant grass BRS Capiaçu Pennisetum purpureum Schum, from property in the city of Estrela/RS, with swine manure from the Vale do Taquari region at Tecnovates facilities. in the city of Lajeado/RS. This research is justified by the representativeness of agriculture in the national and regional economic context, as well as the use of sources such as elephant grass BRS Capiaçu and the destination of swine manure with its transformation into biogas. The characterization of the substrates was carried out with measurements of pH, total solids (ST), volatile solids (SV) and fixed solids (SF). After the characterization, samples of swine manure, elephant grass, and the mixture in the proportion of elephant grass: swine 1:1 were inoculated and anaerobic co-biodigestion was conducted in the Automated Biogas Measurement System, under controlled conditions (27 ᣞC) being evaluated the Biochemical Potential of Methane Production (PBM) and the Biochemical Potential of Biogas Production (PBB) of the samples, in two experiments, with materials from different collections, with samples of grass from two different stages of maturation . A PBM and PBB was obtained from the substrate mixture of 192.80 mL/g SV and 652.55 mL/g SV in experiment I. In experiment II, PBM and PBB were obtained from the mixture of 369.93 mL/g g SV and 703.86 mL/g SV. Finally, after analyzing the results, it is concluded that there is a high energy potential for biogas generation in the mixture between substrates of less mature BRS Capiaçu elephant grass and swine manure.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biogás; Capim-elefante; Dejeto suíno; Metano; Co-digestão; Biogas; Elephant grass; swine manure; Methane; co-digestion
Citação
BOSS, Bruno Sbaraini. Prospecção do potencial energético para produção de biogás a partir do Capim-Elefante BRS Capiaçu (Pennisetum purpureum Schum). 2023. Monografia (Graduação em Engenharia Química) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 06 jul. 2023. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/3752.